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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2014  |  Volume : 1  |  Issue : 2  |  Page : 49-53

Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV co-infection among asymptomatic pregnant women in Zaria, northern Nigeria


Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Solomon Avidime
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna
Nigeria
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/2394-2010.150802

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Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable, sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Serious adverse reproductive health outcomes including pregnancy complications, pelvic inflammatory disease, and an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition have been linked to T. vaginalis infection. Objective: To determine the prevalence of T. vaginalis in asymptomatic pregnant women and their HIV status in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, northern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study conducted using a proforma to obtain demographic and reproductive health information from consenting pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic. Vaginal swab and blood samples were taken and analyzed for T. vaginalis and HIV, respectively. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) V17, with the level of significance set at 5% . Results: The overall prevalence of T. vaginalis was 19.2%. There was an inverse relationship between the level of education and acquisition of T. vaginalis infection in pregnancy; women having no formal education had a higher prevalence of the T. vaginalis infection (7.5%) as against those who had tertiary education (1.7%). The 26-30 years age group had the highest prevalence of both HIV infection (5.0%) and T. vaginalis infection (5.8%), strongly suggesting the possibility of co-infection between the two agents. There was a statistically significant association between T. vaginalis infection and HIV infection with a P value of 0.0003. The relative risk (RR) of acquiring HIV in the presence of T. vaginalis infection was 4 (RR: 4.193; Confidence Interval: 1.756-10.01). Conclusion: Improvement of the socioeconomic status and education of women, especially sexual health; will reduce the prevalence of T. vaginalis and HIV co-infection.


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